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The activation energy Q of iron oxidation is typically found to be essentially equivalent to the activation energy of iron diffusion in wu ¨stite.51,52 Based on direct
With such a low gas flow rate, the oxygen supply used in this latter study was unlikely to be sufficient to sustain the parabolic oxidation governed by iron diffusion through the oxide scale.
It has, therefore, been concluded that the existence of carbon in these steels results in blistering of the oxide scale during oxidation, thus impeding outward iron diffusion during scaling.
lower iron diffusivity through the coarser-grain magnetite layer.
Below 800C, the oxidation rate of iron and steel in air was independent of the gas velocity, because of the relatively low scaling rates89,125,126 as a result of iron diffusion through the scale layer, which was much slower than that of oxygen diffusion in the gas phase.
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